| Treating Tajik Cyrillic as Russian | Tajik has six letters Russian does not: ғ, ӣ, қ, ӯ, ҳ, ҷ. Swap in the nearest Russian character (г, и, к, у, х, ч) and you produce wrong sounds, wrong words and wrong names. | We use the Tajik alphabet only and check every special letter against the source, so ҷ never becomes ч and ҳ never becomes х. |
| It is Persian, not "Russian in disguise" | Grammar and core vocabulary are Persian (Farsi/Dari family). Treat it as a Slavic language and idiom, syntax and word choice come out unnatural. | Native Tajik specialists translate from the Persian structure of the language, with the right registers, not by Slavic analogy. |
| Romanisation for the registry office | Ҷ, Ғ, Ӯ, Ҳ have no direct English or German letter. Improvised by sound, the name diverges from the passport — and the document is rejected. | Names are romanised by the rules (Ҷ→J, Ғ→Gh, Ӯ→U/O) and matched exactly to the ID spelling, not guessed. |
| Patronymics and name structure | Soviet-style patronymics and endings (-зода/-zoda, -ov, -ova) plus given-name/father-name order confuse a German form if handled inconsistently. | Name components are mapped consistently across all documents of one person, matching the passport throughout. |
| Soviet-era Russian loanwords | Administrative and technical texts are full of Russian loanwords and calques. Rendered literally, they read as neither proper Tajik nor clear German. | Loanwords are recognised and rendered by meaning, distinguishing genuine Tajik terminology from Soviet administrative Russian. |
| Older Perso-Arabic documents | Some older or heritage documents are in the historic Perso-Arabic script, not Cyrillic. Read them as modern Tajik Cyrillic and content is lost or misread. | We identify the source script first and assign a specialist who can read the Perso-Arabic original where needed. |
| "Notarised + legalised" ≠ "certified" | In Tajikistan translations are notarised and then legalised; in Germany it is a court-authorised translator. And Tajikistan is not in the Apostille Convention — so "apostille" is the wrong instrument entirely. | We clarify in advance where the document applies and set the right form: a certified translation for Germany, or notarisation + consular legalisation for Tajikistan. |